Math Forum / Mathematics / Mathematical Logic / May 2004

"...the mammals...created images through hearing..as the eyes allow one to
picture the world, through spatial coding, ears and the auditory cortex construct
events in a temporal code"
[The] mammalian niche: whilst the reptiles were still dominant (from 200,000 to

This is difficult :
Penis + Penis = ?

The M.A.D. Fleet concept (Mutually Assured Destruction) which I have
been developing for the past several years needs a inclusion for that of
dirty-bomb-terrorism. By dirty bomb I mean a conventional detonation of
ease but containing radioactive pollutants.

Hao Wang published a paper called "The calculus of partial predicates
and its extension to set theory I" in volume 7 (1963) of "Zeitschrift
fur mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik" (pp. 283-288).
Anybody know if this appears in a collection of his papers, or (better

Questions on the difference between formal and real-world
logic come up from time to time in sci.logic, most recently in
the two threads in which I participated:
"Why do we believe in logic?"

Determine what the gravitational force would be for our planet when
0.717 miles from its core point.  Then at the 0.716 location.  What
would happen to a mass in one second if it were dropped at that
location.  Try the same if a mass were dropped at a 400 mile location

From my understanding, the existance of so many different kinds of
logic  systems, comes from the existance of many different ways of
validating truth. Althought most of the logic systems, such as temporal
logic, or modal logic, can be expressed with classic first-order logic,

I have a question about temporal logic.
Temporal logic can be interpreted with four modal operators:
  P "It has at some time been the case that.. "
  F "It will at some time been the case that ..."

Informally one might think of an axiom schema as being an infinity of
axioms (and therefore more axiom-like than rule-like) or one might think
of it as a rule by which some axioms can be recognized as such (and
therefore more rule-like than axiom-like).

Some people I have known through school can solve math problems faster
than others, can figure out better solutions, and can learn new things
faster. Usually people that do better in math are also better in logic
games like chess etc...

My Turing machine broke down.  How can I get it fixed?
Do I need a quantum mechanic?  Where can I get new parts?

Any help with this is greatly appreciated.  Let u be a subset of (0,1) such
that (a) every member of u is irrational and (b) if s and t are any two
members of u, s-t is irrational.  Let K be the set of all subsets of (0,1)
satisfying u's requirements and L is a set listing the ...

I am interested in the Theory of Computation and also the use of
formal methods of proof.  So naturally I became very excited when I
acquired a copy of the paper, "A Mechanical Proof Of The Unsolvability
of The Halting Problem" at

Is statement ExEy x=y valid (E is existential quantifier)?
Please consider the option that scope can be an empty set.

Can someone recommend a good introductory text for learning
logic (esp. boolean logic), set theory, methods of proof, etc.?  I
know someone who is studying computer science and could use
such a text.  Thanks.